负载换档变速箱的液力操纵离合器的外形尺寸、旋转质量和可靠性是决定负载换档变速箱结构紧凑性和操作可靠性的主要参数之一。离合器的这些参数与它的储备系数有关,也就是离合器的摩擦力矩与在发动机额定功率时输入离合器轴上的计算力矩之比值。 在选择离合器储备系数时,应当考虑到相互矛盾的两个因素。一方面,储备系数应当尽量的小,以使离合器具有较小的外形尺寸和旋转质量,尽可能地防止发动机熄火,以及不致引起传动系中过大的负荷。另一方面,储备系 Hydraulically operated clutches in load-shifting gearboxes are one of the key parameters that determine the structural compactness and operational reliability of a load-shifting transmission, due to its dimensions, rotational quality and reliability. These parameters of the clutch are related to their reserve factor, which is the ratio of the friction torque of the clutch to the calculated torque on the input clutch shaft at the rated power of the engine. When choosing a clutch reserve factor, two factors that contradict each other should be considered. On the one hand, the reserve factor should be as small as possible to allow the clutch to have a small form factor and rotational mass, to prevent engine stalling as much as possible and to not cause excessive load on the driveline. On the other hand, the reserve department