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目的探讨单侧老年黄斑变性（ＡＭＤ）对侧眼视功能变异与ＡＭＤ发病的危险性。方法对视力正常的单侧ＡＭＤ对侧眼患者３１例的黄斑光敏度（ＭＬＳ）、ＦＭ１００－色调试验及Ａｍｓｌｅｒ表检测结果进行５年临床观察。结果平均追踪５５个月，追踪期内发生ＡＭＤ眼１０眼，中心凹及黄斑６°光敏度的降低预见ＡＭＤ的发生，敏感性分别为８３．３７％及７７．７８％，特异性分别为８０．５５％及７５％。ＦＭ－１００色调试验全色区预见发生ＡＭＤ的敏感性８３．３３％，特异性６３．６７％；Ａｍｓｌｅｒ表异常预见发生ＡＭＤ的相对危险性是４．８（Ｐ＜０．００５）。结论采用ＭＬＳ、ＦＭ１００色调试验及Ａｍｓｌｅｒ表检测单侧ＡＭＤ对侧眼的视功能可预见ＡＭＤ的发生。
Objective To investigate the contralateral visual changes and the risk of AMD in unilateral age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods The macular sensitivity (MLS), FM100-tone test and Amsler test results of 31 patients with uncorrected visual acuity of unilateral AMD were observed for 5 years. Results The average follow-up time was 55 months. The occurrence of AMD was observed in 10 eyes during the follow-up period. The decreased sensitivity of fovea and macular 6 ° predicted the occurrence of AMD with the sensitivity of 83.37% and 77.78%, respectively, and the specificity of 80 .55% and 75%. FM-100 hue test showed that the sensitivity of AMD was 83.33% and the specificity was 63.67%. The relative risk of developing AMD was 4.8 (P <0.005). Conclusion The use of MLS, FM100 color tone test and Amsler table to detect unilateral AMD contralateral eye visual function can predict the occurrence of AMD.