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基于越南学生汉语中介语语料库(65万字)考察越南学生趋向补语“来、去”的习得情况,发现其习得是随着汉语水平的提高而递增的。在习得的过程中,经常出现遗漏、冗余、与其他趋向补语混淆、与其他补语混淆等四种偏误类型。冗余是最典型的偏误类型。影响习得的主要原因是母语负迁移。此外,与汉语母语者相比,越南学生趋向补语“来、去”及其格式的使用存在少用、超用现象。文章最后提出了对越汉语教学建议。
Based on the Vietnamese students Chinese interlanguage corpus (650,000 words), this paper examines the acquisition of Vietnamese learners’ directional complements and finds that their acquisitions increase with the improvement of Chinese proficiency. In the process of acquisition, there are often four types of errors, such as omissions, redundancies, confusion with other directional complements and confusion with other complements. Redundancy is the most typical type of error. The main reason for influence acquisition is negative transfer of mother tongue. In addition, compared with native Chinese speakers, Vietnamese students tend to use less and more oversupply of the “complement” and “to” formats. Finally, the article puts forward suggestions on Vietnamese teaching.