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目的了解芜湖市市区3~6岁儿童血铅水平,调查血铅水平与临床症状之间的关系,为控制铅中毒提供依据。方法随机抽取577名儿童,采左手无名指末梢血,用电极溶出法进行测定,同时家长和老师填写儿童家庭情况及铅中毒相关调查表。结果577名儿童中,血铅最大值为194.44ug/l,最小值为0.2ug/l,平均值为53.94ug/l±34.96,以铅中毒基点100ug/l为标准,儿童铅中毒患病率为13.34%,男女患病率差异无显著性(P>0.05),各年龄组儿童铅水平差异有显著性(P<0.05),患病率随年龄增长而升高。儿童铅中毒与儿童注意力不集中、攻击性、挑食、情绪不稳等有相关性。结论铅中毒危害儿童健康,损伤儿童智力,引发行为改变。降低铅危害,应从培养儿童良好卫生习惯、改善环境,注意平衡营养。各保健部门应定期组织筛查,及早发现,早期干预。
Objective To understand the level of blood lead in children aged 3 ~ 6 years in Wuhu city and to investigate the relationship between blood lead levels and clinical symptoms in order to provide basis for controlling lead poisoning. Methods A total of 577 children were enrolled in this study. The peripheral blood of the ring finger of the left hand was collected and measured by the electrode dissolution method. At the same time, parents and teachers filled in the questionnaire about the family situation of children and lead poisoning. Results Among the 577 children, the maximum level of blood lead was 194.44ug / l, the minimum was 0.2ug / l, the average was 53.94ug / l ± 34.96. The lead poisoning prevalence rate was 100ug / l (13.34%). There was no significant difference between male and female prevalence (P> 0.05). There was a significant difference in lead levels among all age groups (P <0.05). The prevalence increased with age. Child lead poisoning and children’s attention is not focused, offensive, picky eaters, emotional instability and other related. Conclusion Lead poisoning endanger the health of children, impair children’s intelligence and lead to behavioral changes. Reduce the harm of lead, should develop good hygiene habits of children, improve the environment, pay attention to balance nutrition. The health departments should organize regular screening, early detection, early intervention.