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目的了解牡丹区手足口重症病例流行特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法对牡丹区2010-2012年手足口重症病例个案调查资料进行描述性统计分析。结果 2010-2012年共报告手足口重症病例214例,其中男性占66.36%,女性占33.64%;年龄主要集中于2岁及以下儿童,占85.05%。各级医疗机构初诊正确率为:市级(100%)、县级(88.10%)、乡级(23.81%)、村级(12.87%)(P<0.01);退热药使用率:市级(63.08%)、县级(55.56%)、乡级(74.19%)、村级(86.67%)(P<0.01);激素类药使用率:市级(89.25%)、县级(45.83%)、乡级(16.13%)、村级(12.38%)(P<0.01)。有99例为实验室诊断,其中EV71型核酸阳性的69例,CoxA16型核酸阳性的15例,其他肠道病毒核酸阳性的14例。结论牡丹区手足口重症病例主要集中于2岁及以下儿童,村级医疗机构初诊正确率低,退热药使用率高,应加强防控知识培训。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth severe cases in Mudan District and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods A descriptive statistics analysis was conducted on the case-finding data of hand-foot-mouth cases in Mudan District from 2010 to 2012. Results A total of 214 cases of HFMD were reported in 2010-2012, of which 66.36% were male and 33.64% were female. The age was mainly concentrated in children aged 2 years and below, accounting for 85.05%. The correct rates of first visit of medical institutions at all levels were: city level (100%), county level (88.10%), township level (23.81%) and village level (12.87%) (P <0.01) (63.08%), county level (55.56%), township level (74.19%) and village level (86.67%) (P0.01). The usage of hormonal drugs was 89.25% at municipal level and 45.83% at county level, , Township (16.13%) and village (12.38%) (P <0.01). There are 99 cases of laboratory diagnosis, of which 69 cases were positive for EV71, 15 were positive for CoxA16 and 14 were positive for other enterovirus. Conclusion The MCH cases in Mudan District mainly focus on children aged 2 years and younger. The accuracy rate of initial diagnosis in village medical institutions is low, and the rate of antipyretics use is high. Training on prevention and control should be strengthened.