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介绍了现有有限元程序的预应力施加方法,包括分离式的等效荷载法和整体降温法等,对比分析了各种预应力效应施加方法的异同。分析了梁单元和实体单元中预应力效应的作用机理和求解特点,重点分析了如何采用预应力单元对实体单元施加预应力,以及这种方法的优点。推导了预应力单元的计算方法和刚度矩阵。采用等效荷载法对梁单元施加预应力的有限元程序MIDAS/Civil和采用预应力单元对实体单元施加预应力的有限元程序Bridge KF 2个程序分别对数值算例进行了计算分析,通过对算例的计算结果对比分析,区分了梁板单元与实体单元在预应力施加上的区别,并得出结论:实体单元能够通过建立预应力单元实现结构与预应力的耦合,预应力效应计算结果比梁单元计算结果更为精确。
Prestressing methods of the existing finite element program are introduced, including the separation of the equivalent load method and the overall cooling method, compared the similarities and differences of various prestressing effect applying methods. The action mechanism and solution characteristic of prestressing effect in beam element and solid element are analyzed. The emphasis is put on how to apply prestressing element to prestressing element and the advantages of this method. The calculation method and stiffness matrix of prestressed unit are deduced. The finite element program MIDAS / Civil which prestressed the beam element by the equivalent load method and the finite element program Bridge KF which prestressed the entity element by the prestressing element were used to calculate and analyze the numerical examples. Comparing the calculated results of the examples, the difference between the prestressed forces applied to the girder element and the solid element is distinguished. The conclusion is drawn that the physical element can realize the coupling between the prestressed element and the prestressed element, and the result of prestressing effect Be more accurate than the beam element calculation results.