报告近１７年来收治的直肠类癌１５例，发现６０％病例曾被误诊为直肠息肉、内痔或直肠炎等。因症状缺乏特异性，医生行直肠指检时警惕本病对早期发现有重要意义，确诊仍需病理检查。治疗上，文献多据病变大小确定治疗方式。作者根据本组病例治疗的体会，提出应根据病变大小及浸润深度来确定治疗方案，即病变在２ｃｍ以内者行局部切除；如还有肌层浸润时应加作根治术；病变大于２ｃｍ者作根治术。 Reported 15 cases of rectal carcinoids treated in the past 17 years and found that 60% of cases had been misdiagnosed as rectal polyps, internal hemorrhoids, or proctitis. Because of the lack of specificity of symptoms, it is important for doctors to be aware of the disease during rectal examination. Early diagnosis is still necessary. Treatment, the literature more than the size of the lesion to determine the treatment. According to the experience of treatment in this group of patients, the authors suggested that the treatment plan should be determined according to the size of the lesion and the depth of invasion, that is, the lesion should be localized within 2cm; if there is muscle invasion, it should be added to radical surgery; the lesion is larger than 2cm. Radical surgery.