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以 10个玉米自交系及其按 4× 6组配的 2 4个杂交组合为材料 ,研究了玉米 5个株型性状的杂种优势 ,遗传模型 ,遗传相关及其与穗粒性状的简单相关和典型相关。结果表明 ,雄穗分枝数的平均杂种优势最大 ,叶面积次之 ,叶形系数、叶夹角、叶向值则较小。叶形系数、叶夹角的遗传符合加性遗传模型 ;叶向值、雄穗分枝数符合加性显性遗传模型 ,前者为部分显性 ,减效等位基因显性 ,后者为超显性 ,增效等位基因显性 ;叶面积的遗传受加性上位性效应控制。株型性状间相关性较大的有 :叶面积与叶形系数 (rg=- 0 .7881) ,叶面积与雄穗分枝数 (rg=0 .70 47) ,叶形系数与叶向值 (rg=- 0 .42 81) ,叶形系数与雄穗分枝数 (rg=- 0 .6 5 6 2 ) ,叶夹角与叶向值 (rg=0 .7388)。株型性状与穗粒性状组间的关联性主要是由叶面积、叶向值与穗长、行粒数、单株产量的相关引起
Ten maize inbred lines and 4 4 cross combinations of 4 × 6 were used as materials to study the heterosis, genetic model and genetic correlation of five plant type traits in maize and their correlation with grain traits And typically related. The results showed that the number of branches in the average heterosis heterosis maximum, leaf area followed by the leaf shape coefficient, leaf angle, leaf orientation value is smaller. The leaf shape index and the angle between leaves accorded with the additive genetic model. The leaf orientation value and the number of the branches of the tassel accorded with the additive dominant genetic model. The former was partially dominant and the allele of the allele was dominant. The latter was super Dominant, synergistic alleles dominant; leaf area of the genetic controlled by the additive epistasis. Among them, the leaf area and leaf shape index (rg = - 0.7881), leaf area and branch number (rg = 0.70 47), leaf shape index and leaf value (rg = - 0.4281), leaf shape index and branch number (rg = - 0.6662), leaf angle and leaf value (rg = 0.73388). The correlation between plant type traits and grain traits was mainly caused by the correlation between leaf area, leaf value and ear length, grain number per line and yield per plant