目的分析我国儿童大肠癌的临床及病理特点．方法收集１９４９年～１９９６年国内正式发表的儿童大肠癌病例进行回顾性分析．结果全部共５８例，男４６例，女１２例；年龄７月龄～１５岁．①儿童大肠癌在全部大肠癌中的比例约为０４１％～０７７％；②主要发生于右半结肠、横结肠及直肠，分别为４３１％和４１４％；③容易误诊，误诊率高达７６９％；④病理类型以粘液腺癌为主，占７０８％；⑤根治性切除的机会为６５５％，远较成人低；⑥预后差，２年生存率为５４８％，无５年生存者；⑦病因不明，与种族及家族倾向关系亦不清楚；⑧目前尚缺乏成熟的综合治疗措施与经验．结论中国儿童大肠癌有一定特点． Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological features of colorectal cancer in our country. Methods A retrospective analysis of cases of colorectal cancer in children published from 1949 to 1996 in China was conducted. Results A total of 58 cases, 46 males and 12 females; aged 7 months to 15 years old. ① The proportion of colorectal cancer in children with colorectal cancer was about 041% ~ 077%. ② The majority of colorectal cancer occurred in 43  1% and 414% of the right colon, transverse colon and rectum respectively. ③ It was easy to be misdiagnosed , The misdiagnosis rate was as high as 769%. ④ The pathological types were mainly mucinous adenocarcinoma, accounting for 708%; ⑤ The chance of radical resection was 655%, far lower than that of adults; ⑥ The prognosis was poor, and the 2-year survival rate 54.8%, no 5-year survival; ⑦ unknown etiology, racial and familial tendencies are not clear; ⑧ is still a lack of mature comprehensive treatment and experience. Conclusion Chinese children have some characteristics of colorectal cancer.