当代新儒家之一的牟宗三以朱子道德为他律道德而判定朱子哲学是别子为宗,其核心理据是心是气心,理是但理,性只存有不活动,心具理是当具而不是本具。因此,朱子道德哲学没有道德主体,只能成就他律道德。其实,朱子之仁,作为仁心则是善良意志,是道德实践的自律主体,是道德理性与道德情感的统一,仁作为心之德本身即具有实现道德法则的力量;作为仁理,则是仁心所颁布的道德法则;作为仁情,则是具有先验性的道德情感,乃是道德主体对道德法则的一种表象,即四端;作为仁境则实现了意志之自由,即意志之积极自由与消极自由,其结果是康德自律道德之证成,自由意志之实现。 Mou Zongsan, one of the contemporary Neo-Confucianists, judged that Zhu’s philosophy is another child’s behavior based on Zhu’s morality as his legal morality. The core rationale is that the mind is a nimble mind. When not a tool. Therefore, Zhu Zi’s moral philosophy has no moral subject and can only accomplish his morality. In fact, as a benevolent heart, benevolence is a kindhearted will, an autonomous subject of moral practice, a unification of moral rationality and moral affection, and a virtue as a moral heart itself has the power to implement moral laws. As a benevolence, it is Benevolence promulgated the moral law; as a kind of affection, it is a transcendental moral emotion, which is an appearance of the moral subject to the moral law, that is, the four ends; as a benevolence, freedom of will is realized, that is, will The positive and negative freedom, the result is proof of Kant’s moral self-discipline, the realization of free will.