本文通过实验描述柴油机排气微粒的物理特性:浓度、粒度分布与形态。给出这些特性随发动机工况变化的规律。指出微粒的质量浓度与波许烟度的不同。讨论过滤采样技术所得的质量浓度与气溶胶电分析仪(EAA)分析所得体积浓度之间的关系。用透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究微粒的形态,并将电子显微镜分析的结果与EAA所得结果进行比较,两者之间相当吻合。 In this paper, the physical characteristics of diesel engine exhaust particles are described experimentally: concentration, particle size distribution and morphology. Given these characteristics with the engine operating conditions change. Point out the difference between the mass concentration of the particles and the bourgeon smoke. Discuss the relationship between the mass concentration obtained by filtered sampling techniques and the volume concentration analyzed by an aerosol electro-analyzer (EAA). The morphologies of the particles were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the results obtained by electron microscopy were compared with those obtained by EAA.