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目的了解广东省博罗县农村居民膳食结构、营养状况及营养相关疾病的流行特征,以指导居民合理膳食,为政府制定政策提供依据。方法于2012年9—12月,采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取450户家庭≥2岁的所有成员进行问卷调查、医学体检和实验室检测。结果共调查1 369人,参加医学体检和实验室检测共1 257人;调查结果显示,博罗县居民奶及奶制品摄入严重不足,蔬菜摄入偏低,畜禽肉类摄入过多,≥18岁居民中心性肥胖率为37.6%,营养不良率、超重率和肥胖率分别为6.6%、24.7%、9.0%,≥6岁居民贫血率为11.1%,≥18岁居民高血压、糖尿病、糖调节受损、血脂异常患病率依次为12.5%、4.6%、6.1%和31.1%。结论博罗县居民膳食结构不尽合理,高血压、糖尿病、糖耐量异常、超重、肥胖、血脂异常、贫血等营养相关疾病患病率较高。
Objective To understand the prevalence of dietary patterns, nutritional status and nutrition-related diseases among rural residents in Boluo County, Guangdong Province, so as to guide residents’ reasonable diet and provide basis for the government to formulate policies. Methods From September to December in 2012, a multistage cluster random sampling method was used to collect all the 450 family members who were ≥2 years old for questionnaire survey, medical examination and laboratory test. Results A total of 1 369 people were enrolled and 1 257 people took part in the medical examination and laboratory tests. The survey showed that the intake of milk and milk products in Boluo County was seriously insufficient, the intake of vegetables was too low, and the intake of livestock and poultry meat was too much , ≥18 years of age population center obesity rate was 37.6%, malnutrition rates, overweight rates and obesity rates were 6.6%, 24.7%, 9.0%, ≥6 years old residents anemia rate was 11.1%, ≥18 years of residentHypertension, Diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose regulation, and dyslipidemia rates were 12.5%, 4.6%, 6.1% and 31.1%, respectively. Conclusion The diet of residents in Boluo County is not reasonable, and the prevalence of nutrition-related diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, overweight, obesity, dyslipidemia and anemia is high.