中国史前文化既有统一性又有多样性,这已基本成为学术界的共识~([1]),但在史前社会的演进和文明起源的研究上,除少数著作对某些文明的特殊性作过深入思考外~([2]),很少有人辩证地论及中国大部地区社会发展的一般趋势和各地可能存在的不同模式间的关系。本文拟从聚落考古的角度,对这一问题略做探讨,以引起注意。 However, in the study of the evolution of prehistoric society and the origin of civilization, with the exception of the particularity of some works on some civilizations, the prehistoric culture in China has both unity and diversity. After making in-depth consideration, few people have dialectically discussed the general trend of social development in most parts of China and the relations among the different modes that may exist in various places. This article intends to discuss this issue from the settlement archeological point of view, in order to attract attention.