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在15具成人尸体上对胸腰脊神经后根进行了大体解剖和形态计量研究.结果表明:(1)上胸段脊神经后根的囊外段长度、硬膜点横径和脊髓点束数在逐节减少;后根的囊外段与囊长轴之下夹角>90°,囊内段及脊髓点分布长度在逐节增加,交通支最丰富.(2)中胸段脊神经后根的囊外段长度、硬膜点横径和脊髓点束数各节段波动范围较小,下夹角在90°左右,囊内段短,脊髓点分布长.(3)下胸段脊神经后根的脊髓点分布长度转而下降,下夹角<90°,其它指标均逐节增加.(4)腰段脊神经后根的脊髓点分布长度进一步减少,下夹角最小,其它指标达最大值,交通支丰富.根据研究结果进行后根受损危险排序,腰>下胸>上胸>中胸.
The anatomical and morphometric studies of posterior roots of thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves were performed on 15 adult cadavers.The results showed that: (1) The length of extracapsular segment, the diameter of dural dots and the number of spinal cord bundles (P <0.01). The angle between the outer segment of the posterior root and the long axis of the balloon was more than 90 °. The distribution length of the intracapsular segment and the spinal cord segment increased gradually and the transport branch was the most abundant. (2) The length of the extracapsular segment, the diameter of the dura mater, and the number of vertebral spinal cord bundles fluctuated within a narrow range of 90 ° with a short intracapsular segment and long spinal cord points. (3) The posterior thoracic spinal nerve root (4) The length distribution of spinal cord in the dorsal root of lumbar dorsal root is further reduced, the angle between the lower and the lower is the smallest, the other indexes reach the maximum, Transportation rich. According to the results of the risk of posterior root damage sorting, lumbar> lower chest> upper chest> chest.