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湖南省1959及1967年发生全省性流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)大流行,发病率高达163.40/10万及413.19/10万,病死率8％及16％,15岁以下儿童发病占76.8～84.0％,在冬春季流行。1981年推广使用A群多糖菌苗(APS)以来,发病率逐年下降并基本上控制了流行。1985年设立监测点进行疫情动态观察和人群免疫水平检测、带菌状况调查以及病原学监测,做好预测预报,为防治工作提供了科学依据。
In 1959 and 1967, there was a province-wide epidemic of meningitis (meningococcal meningitis) epidemic in Hunan Province. The incidence rates were as high as 163.40 / 100,000 and 413.19 / 100,000 respectively, with a mortality rate of 8% and 16%. The incidence of children under 15 years of age 76.8 ~ 84.0%, popular in winter and spring. Since the introduction of Group A polysaccharide vaccine (APS) in 1981, the incidence has been declining year by year and has largely controlled the epidemic. The establishment of monitoring points in 1985 to carry out dynamic observation of epidemic situation and the level of population immunization, detection of carriage status and etiological monitoring, forecast and forecast, provide a scientific basis for prevention and control work.