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目的总结慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并血流感染的临床表现、诊疗方法和转归.方法回顾性分析2013年1月-2016年5月浙江大学医院院附属第一医院EICU收治的慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并血流感染的患者44例,并随机从本院数据库中抽取另外132例无感染并发症的慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期病例进行对照研究.结果 44例患者中男27例,年龄57～82岁,平均(67.4±16.9)岁.感染组CRP(18.4±8.9)mg/L、心率(98.7±23.6)次/min)、发生器官衰竭(40例,90.9%)、广泛型肺部感染(44例,100%)、住院时间(35.6±23.8)d、和死亡病例数(35例,79.5%)与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论 血流感染可加重AECOPD病情,增加医疗花费,是预后不良的危险因素.早期发现并正确治疗有助于改善预后.“,”Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics of bloodstream infections in acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on a total of 44 cases with AECOPD complicated with bloodstream infections who were admitted EICU at First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University in between Januar, 2013 and May 2016. 132 cases of AECOPD without bloodstream infections were included as the control group in this study. Results The study group had 27 men, 17 women with an average age of 67.4 ± 16.9 (57-82). CRP(18.4 ± 8.9)mg/L, pulse (98.7 ± 23.6) per minute, organ failure (40 cases), Extensive pulmonary disease (44 cases), hospital stay (35.6±23.8d), and mortality in the study group were significantly different from those of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Bloodstream infections can aggravate the condition, increase medical expenses, and result in a poor prognosis in patients with AECOPD when compared to the AECOPD without bloodstream infections. Early detection and proper treatment is mandatory to improve the outcome.