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泥沙输移比是连接流域地面侵蚀与河道输沙的纽带,是反映流域侵蚀产沙及输移能力的指标,对正确评价水土保持减沙效益与生态建设宏观决策有重要意义。本文基于对国内外泥沙输移比研究的系统梳理,探讨了流域泥沙输移比的尺度依存及分形特征。分析认为:泥沙输移比在其内涵中深刻体现了对尺度的标定;国内外不同区域内流域泥沙输移比具有尺度依存性,并有严格的尺度域;泥沙输移比可以由分形维数来定量描述,即由1km2左右的典型流域单元的泥沙输移比值和流域的分形维数来建立尺度上推或下推的测算模型。本研究结果明确了泥沙输移比研究不能割裂“尺度性”这一学术认知,并为泥沙输移比尺度效应及转换研究提供了新的思路。
Sediment transport ratio is a link between groundwater erosion and channel sediment transport in river basin, which is an index reflecting erosion, sediment yield and transport capacity. It is of great significance to correctly evaluate the benefit of soil and water conservation and sediment reduction and macroscopic decision-making of ecological construction. Based on the systematic combing of sediment transport ratio at home and abroad, the paper discusses the scale dependence and fractal characteristics of sediment transport ratio in the basin. The analysis shows that the sediment transport ratio reflects the calibration of scale in its connotation. The sediment transport ratio in different regions at home and abroad is scale-dependent and has a strict scale domain. The sediment transport ratio can be calculated from The fractal dimension is used to quantitatively describe the scale up-push or down-push model based on the sediment transport ratio and the fractal dimension of the basin. The results of this study make it clear that the research on the ratio of sediment transport to transport can not be divided into “scale”, which provides a new way of thinking about the scale effect and conversion of sediment transport.