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通过动脉灌注,本实验研究了100侧不同年龄(新生儿至87岁)尸体标本股骨下端的血液供应,其血液主要来自膝上内、外侧动脉、膝降动脉和膝中动脉。除膝中动脉外,上述动脉均围绕股骨髁上部,组成囊外动脉环。完整者占55±4.97%,前部借骨膜动脉网间接相连者占45±4.97%。骺软骨板干骺侧的动脉呈刷状排列,以陡转的毛细血管袢紧接肥大软骨细胞层。干骺前、后动脉发自囊外动脉环和网,分布于髁上部。骺内、外侧动脉各发自膝降动脉和膝上内、外侧动脉,分布于内、外侧髁的内、外侧区。骺前和骺髁间动脉各发自骨膜动脉网和膝中动脉,分布于髁间区。骺动脉在骨化区互连成毛细血管前动脉和毛细血管网,在骨骺中,藉管径25～100μm的吻合支连接成丛。随骺板的闭合,干骺动脉与骺动脉之间乃建立广泛吻合。本文对股骨下端动脉的形态、经过、分布及其临床意义进行了讨论。
Through arterial perfusion, we studied the blood supply to the femoral head of 100 cadaveric cadavers with different ages (neonatal to 87 years old). The blood mainly came from the medial, lateral, descending and descending arteries of the knee. In addition to the middle of the knee artery, the above-mentioned arteries are around the upper part of the femoral condyle, the extracorticial artery ring. Complete accounted for 55 ± 4.97%, the anterior connected by the periosteal artery network indirectly accounted for 45 ± 4.97%. Epiphyseal cartilage epiphyseal side of the artery was brush-like arrangement to the steep turn of the capillary loop close to the hypertrophic chondrocyte layer. Before epiphyseal, posterior arteries from the extracranial arterial rings and the net, located in the upper condyles. The epiphyseal and lateral arteries from the knee-descending artery and the medial and lateral arteries of the knee distribute in the medial and lateral condyles. Epiphysis and epiphyseal intercondylar artery from the periosteal artery network and the middle of the knee artery, located in the intercondylar area. Epiphyseal artery in the ossification of the area into the pre-capillary artery and capillary network, in the epiphyseal, by diameter 25 ~ 100μm anastomotic branch connected into clumps. With the closure of the epiphyseal plate, the epiphyseal artery and epiphysis between the artery is to establish a wide range of anastomosis. This article discusses the morphology, passage, distribution and clinical significance of the inferior femoral artery.