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离子液体对煤的微观结构具有显著的溶解和破坏作用,目前在煤化工领域应用广泛。针对离子液体对煤微观结构的影响和宏观改性的研究,详细阐述了离子液体对煤改性和惰化的基本历程。煤自燃过程实际上是某些关键官能团与氧反应作用的结果,如果利用离子液体将这些关键官能团溶解和破坏掉,就对煤自燃起到了抑制和惰化的作用。为此总结了各种离子液体破坏煤分子的主要官能团及其差异性。
Ionic liquids have significant dissolution and destructive effects on the microstructure of coal, and are widely used in coal chemical industry. Aiming at the influence of ionic liquid on the microstructure of coal and macroscopic modification, the basic process of modification and inerting of coal with ionic liquid is elaborated. Spontaneous combustion of coal is actually the result of reaction of some key functional groups with oxygen. If these ionic liquids are used to dissolve and destroy these key functional groups, spontaneous combustion of coal will be inhibited and inertized. To sum up, various ionic liquids destroy the main functional groups of coal molecules and their differences.