电力体制市场化改革，可以调动发电、输电、配电各方主动努力地降低成本，提高市场竞争能力。但是市场化也充满了许多不确定因素，将给企业带来风险，风险的发生即意味着企业的损失，市场环境下企业的损失则完全由自己承担。市场竞争的压力迫使发电企业不得不重视风险带来的威 Market-oriented reform of the power system can mobilize all parties involved in power generation, transmission and distribution to take the initiative to reduce costs and enhance market competitiveness. However, marketization is also full of many uncertainties, which will bring risks to the enterprises. The occurrence of risks means the loss of the enterprises, and the losses of the enterprises in the market environment are completely borne by themselves. The pressure of market competition forces power generation companies to pay attention to the threat brought by risk