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大豆农艺性状和产量性状属数量性状遗传,本研究以不完全双列杂交组合为材料,以朱军(1997)提出的混合模型方法分析大豆形态和产量性状的加性、显性和上位遗传效应。结果表明,大豆的株高、节数、粒重、粒数及总荚数等性状受基因显性效应影响,且显性方差比率最大;节数、单株产量、百粒重等性状受加性效应的影响,但作用较小;株高和单株粒数也受到上位效应的影响,但作用较小。各形态性状的广义遗传率较高,但狭义遗传率却较低。单株产量与株高、粒数、总荚数呈极显著正相关,与百粒重呈负相关。在各遗传分量中,各相关系数以显性相关系数为主。
The agronomic traits and yield traits of soybean are inherited in quantitative traits. In this study, the additive, dominant and epistatic effects of soybean morphology and yield traits were analyzed by the hybrid model proposed by Zhu Jun (1997). The results showed that the characters of plant height, number of segments, grain weight, grain number and total pod number of soybean were affected by the gene dominant effect, and the ratio of dominant variance was the largest. The number of characters, yield per plant, Sexual effects, but the role of smaller; plant height and grain number per plant by the host effect, but the role of smaller. The general heritability of morphological traits is higher, but the heritability of the narrow sense is lower. The yield per plant was significantly and positively correlated with plant height, grain number and total pod number, but negatively correlated with the grain weight. In each genetic component, each correlation coefficient is dominated by the dominant correlation coefficient.