【摘 要】
：
In rice, high-temperature stress (HT) during flowering results in decreased grain yield via a reduction in spi-kelet fertility;however, the effect of plant water status on spikelet fertility under HT remains unknown. To investigate the relationship betwee
【机 构】
：
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Far
论文部分内容阅读
In rice, high-temperature stress (HT) during flowering results in decreased grain yield via a reduction in spi-kelet fertility;however, the effect of plant water status on spikelet fertility under HT remains unknown. To investigate the relationship between spikelet water status and spikelet fertility under HT, two experiments were performed under temperature-controlled conditions using four genotypes with varying tolerance to HT. Rice plants were exposed to HT for seven consecutive days during the flowering stage under three soil water treatments (soil water potential 0,-20, and-40 kPa), as well as under hydroponic conditions in a separate experiment. HT significantly decreased spikelet fertility, pollen fertility, and anther dehiscence under each of the three water treatments. HT significantly increased the spikelet transpiration rate, and this change was accompanied by a significant decrease in the internal temperature of the spikelets. HT decreased pollen grain diameter in heat-sensitive genotypes. HT had varying effects on the water potential of panicles and anthers but increased anther soluble-sugar concentration. Different aquaporin genes showed different expression profiles under HT, and the expression levels of PIPs for plasma membrane intrinsic proteins and TIPs for tonoplast intrinsic proteins increased in anthers but decreased in glumes. Correlation analyses showed that anther dehiscence and pollen (spikelet) fertility were tightly associated with anther water status, and the expression levels of almost all anther aquaporin genes were significantly correlated with anther dehiscence under HT. In summary, an increased spikelet transpiration rate and decreased internal spikelet temperature were associated with alleviation of the effects of HT in rice geno-types with varying degrees of heat tolerance, and the response of spikelet water status to HT, involving increased total expression of aquaporins and soluble sugar content, thereby improved pollen fertility, anther dehiscence, and spikelet fertility, especially in heat-resistant genotypes. The heat-resistant geno-types N22 and SY63 may adopt different approaches to reduce heat damage.
其他文献
将中国各省份分为东部、 中部、 西部,基于中国各省的省级面板数据构建面板数据模型,实证检验农业政策性金融信贷业务对农民收入的影响.实证结果表明,中国农业发展银行的信贷业务确实对农民收入的提高有显著的影响,不同的信贷业务对农民收入的影响不尽相同.同时农业政策性金融信贷业务在不同地区对农民收入的影响也不相同.因此,农发行信贷业务对农民收入的促进作用不能片面的只在全国范围内研究,还需要分区域调查.本文根据实证结果提出了有关农发行信贷业务的政策建议,以便更好地提高农民收入.
Sugar metabolism plays an essential role in plant male reproduction. Defects in sugar metabolism during anther and pollen development often result in genic male sterility (GMS). In this review, we summarize the recent progresses of the sugar metabolism-re
休闲农业与乡村旅游是全国都市型现代农业的重要组成部分,是实现乡村产业振兴的关键之所在.近些年来,全国休闲农业蓬勃发展,但各省市发展情况不一,本文以2018年数据为依据,从8个指标来分析全国休闲农业的发展情况,以此寻求适合全国休闲农业发展的对策建议.
Normal microsporogenesis is determined by both nuclear and mitochondrial genes. In maize C-type cyto-plasmic male sterility, it is unclear how the development of meiocytes and microspores is affected by the mitochondrial sterility gene and the nuclear res
Anther development is a programmed biological process crucial to plant male reproduction. Genome-wide analyses on the functions of transcriptional factor (TF) genes and their microRNA (miRNA) regula-tors contributing to anther development have not been co
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] provides a rich source of plant protein and oil worldwide. The commer-cial use of transgenic technology in soybean has become a classical example of the application of biotech-nology to crop improvement. Although genetical
Genic male sterility (GMS) is one of the most important resources for exploiting heterosis in crop breed-ing, so that identifying genomic loci regulating GMS is desirable. However, many regulatory genes con-trolling GMS have not yet been characterized in
In plants, non-green plastids in heterotrophic tissues are sites for starch and fatty acids biosynthesis, which are essential for plant development and reproduction. Distinct from chloroplasts, the metabolites for these processes in non-green plastids hav
Wheat leaf rust is a prevalent foliar disease in wheat worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars is an effec-tive strategy to minimize the impact of leaf rust on yield and grain quality. Lr42 is a leaf rust resistance gene identified from Aegilops tauschii a
The anther cuticle and pollen exine play a critical role in male gametophyte development. The sporopol-lenin precursors and cuticular lipid monomers are transported to the surface of the microspores and the epidermis by lipid transport proteins (LTPs) and