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目的了解公共场所室内PM2.5的污染水平,分析其影响因素。方法 2013年1月—2014年3月,对马鞍山市市区餐馆、网吧、咖啡厅、电影院四类共计20家室内公共场所分别进行空气PM2.5的浓度检测。同时记录监测场所的体积、室内吸烟、通风情况以及室外PM2.5的浓度等资料。结果公共场所室内PM2.5浓度中位数为133.73(IQR:74.96~259.28)μg/m3。经多元logsitic回归模型分析提示,室外PM2.5浓度>75μg/m3(OR=6.34,95%CI=1.25~32.21)、吸烟(OR=85.16,95%CI=11.32~640.67)、间断通风(OR=52.56,95%CI=3.70~747.04)、无通风(OR=19.92,95%CI=2.99~132.59)、使用灶头(OR=7.15,95%CI=1.22~42.06)是PM2.5浓度达标的危险因素,而夏季(OR=0.05,95%CI=0.01~0.43)、新风(OR=0.07,95%CI=0.01~0.44)则为保护因素。结论 4类公共场所室内PM2.5污染较为严重,室外PM2.5浓度、通风、吸烟、使用灶头是影响污染水平的主要的因素。因此,在公共场所内实施全面禁烟和尽量保持室内通风很有必要。
Objective To understand the indoor pollution level of PM2.5 in public places and analyze its influencing factors. Methods From January 2013 to March 2014, 20 indoor public places including four restaurants, Internet cafes, cafes and movie theaters in the city of Ma’anshan were tested for PM2.5 concentration in air. At the same time record the volume of monitoring sites, indoor smoking, ventilation and outdoor concentration of PM2.5 and other information. Results The median PM2.5 concentration in public places was 133.73 (IQR: 74.96 ~ 259.28) μg / m3. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the outdoor concentration of PM2.5> 75μg / m3 (OR = 6.34, 95% CI = 1.25-32.21), smoking (OR = 85.16,95% CI = 11.32-640.67), intermittent ventilation = 52.56, 95% CI = 3.70 ~ 747.04), no ventilation (OR = 19.92,95% CI = 2.99 ~ 132.59) (OR = 0.05, 95% CI = 0.01 ~ 0.43), and fresh air (OR = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.01-0.44) were protective factors in summer. Conclusion Indoor PM2.5 pollution is more serious in four kinds of public places. Concentration, ventilation, smoking and use of outdoor PM2.5 are the main factors that affect the pollution level. Therefore, it is necessary to implement a total smoking ban in public places and to maintain indoor ventilation as much as possible.