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明清之际,对王阳明“心学”的批判已成为时髦的社会风尚,虽然还有黄宗羲、孙奇逢、李顒、李绂等学者以讲学对王阳明“心学”予以修正和张扬,但王学已是流风余韵。学术界一般认为,王学及其影响在清代由衰落而逐渐消失,然而据笔者考察,王学在清代不仅没有消声匿迹,而是经历了由隐蔽走向公开、并再度演进为高潮的流变过程,具体表现在三个方面:尊德性与道问学之辨;天理人欲之辨;重自我与尚心力的推崇。本文试图就此作一些新的探讨,以就正于同道。
On the occasion of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the critique of Wang Yangming’s “Xin Xue” has become a fashionable social trend. Although there are still scholars like Huang Zongxi, Sun Qifeng, Li Xun and Li Xun, Wang Xue is a breeze rhyme. Academics generally believe that Wang Xue and his influence gradually disappeared in the Qing dynasty by the decline. However, according to the author’s investigation, Wang Xue did not disappear in the Qing Dynasty. Instead, Wang Xue went through the process of changing from concealment to openness and to climax again Rheological process, specifically in three aspects: the respect of morality and morality of the study; natural disposition of human desires; self-esteem and the heart of the respected. This article attempts to make some new discussions in this regard, just as the fellow.