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目的了解中国不同地区孕产妇乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)表面抗原筛查及新生儿免疫预防实施情况,为完善HBV母婴传播阻断策略提供参考依据。方法在东、中、西部地区共选取6个省份的18家医院,调查医院孕产妇产前HBV表面抗原(Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen,HBsAg)筛查、新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,Hep B)及乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白(Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin,HBIG)接种等情况。结果 18家调查医院均已开展HBV母婴传播阻断项目,孕产妇产前HBsAg总筛查率为99.36%,西部地区、县级医院筛查率较低,分别为98.14%和98.10%。18家医院自行采购检测试剂来自11家企业。调查医院的Hep B首剂次(HepB_1)及时接种率为93.56%,其中西部地区、省级医院分别为92.26%、93.14%。HBsAg阳性孕产妇所生新生儿HepB_1及时接种率和HBIG接种率分别为98.66%和99.28%。结论调查地区HBV携带传播母婴阻断措施实施总体良好,但需进一步关注西部地区孕产妇HBsAg筛查和新生儿HepB_1及时接种工作,促进基层医院分娩的HBsAg阳性产妇新生儿联合接种HBIG,并对HBsAg检测试剂开展评价。
Objective To understand the screening of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen in pregnant women in different regions of China and the implementation of immunization in neonates so as to provide a reference for improving the strategy of blocking mother-to-child transmission of HBV. Methods A total of 18 hospitals in 6 provinces were selected from the eastern, central and western regions to investigate the screening of prenatal hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in pregnant women and mothers, hepatitis B vaccine (Hepatitis B Vaccine, Hep B) and Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin (HBIG) inoculation. Results All the 18 investigation hospitals carried out the project of blocking mother-to-child transmission of HBV. The screening rate of prenatal HBsAg in pregnant women was 99.36%, while the screening rate in western regions and county hospitals was 98.14% and 98.10% respectively. 18 hospitals purchase their own testing reagents from 11 companies. The first dose of Hep B (HepB_1) in the investigation hospital was 93.56%, with 92.26% and 93.14% of the provincial hospitals respectively in the western region. HBsAg-positive pregnant women born newborns HepB 1 timely vaccination rate and HBIG vaccination rates were 98.66% and 99.28%. Conclusions The detection of mother-to-child transmission by HBV carriers in the surveyed areas is generally good. However, further attention should be paid to the timely screening of HBsAg for pregnant women in the western region and timely inoculation of newborns HepB-1 to promote the HBIG vaccination of newborns with HBsAg-positive mothers in primary hospitals. HBsAg test reagent evaluation.