所谓腐败,可以用一个最简单的定义,就是“利用公权谋私利”。若是利用“公权”谋公利,那是理所应当的;若是以“私权”谋私利,不说是天经地义,也是合理合法的;若是以私权谋公利,通常称为“大公无私”,经济学上称为“利他主义”,需要提倡;只有以公权谋私利这件事,是人们深恶痛绝的腐败,是属于要加以“严打”的行为。 这种“以公权谋私利”的行为,当然首先与“用人体制”相关。如果现实一点,即使不说现实中的每一个人都是为私的,也总得承认生活中至少有一部分人是“有私心”的,一有机会就要以权谋私。那么,我们首先要研究的一个问题,是 The so-called corruption, one of the simplest definitions that can be used is “using public power for personal gain.” If it is to use “public rights” to seek public good, that is what it should be; if it is “private rights” for personal gain, it is not too bad to say that it is just and legitimate; if private rights and interests are generally called “selflessness,” economics The so-called “altruism” needs to be promoted. Only taking the public interest for personal gains is a source of corruption that people hate. It is an act that must be “severely punished.” Of course, this kind of behavior of “using public power for personal gain” is, of course, first related to “employing system”. If the reality is that even if everyone in the reality is not selfish, he must always admit that at least some people in his life are “selfish.” They should use their power for personal gains whenever there is a chance. Well, one of the problems we must study first is