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美国边疆的发展变化,决定了美国民族精神绝不是一成不变的,而是不断融合新的时代精神的。再加上美国边疆推进的历史进程非常漫长,这就使得研究美国民族精神的各个方面是不现实的。因此,本研究只选取美国三个时期的三个典型边疆地带及相应的文学作品,通过对小说人物的分析来探究美国的民族精神。小说人物是作者通过对当时社会和人民的敏锐观察而创造出来的,他们是生活在边疆的拓荒者的典型代表。由此,可以说小说人物身上体现的精神就是某时期美国民族精神的集中体现。本研究选取的三个典型边疆地带分别是密西西比河流域、西部大草原和阿拉斯加。
The development and changes in the U.S. frontier areas determine that the national spirit of the United States is by no means immutable, and that it continuously incorporates the new spirit of the times. Coupled with the long history of the U.S. frontier advancement, it is unrealistic to study all aspects of the American national spirit. Therefore, this study selects only the three typical frontier regions and the corresponding literary works in the three periods of the United States to explore the national spirit of the United States through the analysis of the characters in the novel. The characters of the novel were created by the author through his keen observation of the society and people at that time. They are the typical representative of the pioneers living in the frontier. Therefore, it can be said that the spirit reflected in the novel’s characters is the concentrated reflection of the American national spirit in a certain period. Three typical border areas selected in this study are the Mississippi River Basin, the western prairie and Alaska.