抗生素(Antibiotics)能选择性地抑制或杀灭细菌等病原微生物,有良好的抗菌作用,能防治多种感染性疾病.大多数抗生素来源于青霉菌、链丝菌等微生物培养液中,但有些抗生素已可人工合成。近年来,已可根据抗生素的化学结构特点,用半合成法改变其结构,创制研究了不少新的药物,扩大了抗生素的来源、品种、生物活 Antibiotics can selectively inhibit or kill pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, have good antibacterial activity and can prevent and treat many infectious diseases. Most antibiotics are derived from microbial culture solution such as Penicillium sp. And Streptomyces sp., But some Antibiotics have been synthesized. In recent years, according to the characteristics of the chemical structure of antibiotics, semi-synthetic method has been used to change its structure, to create a lot of new drugs, to expand the sources of antibiotics, varieties, biological activity