细菌性肺炎仍是人类健康的主要威胁,尤其是发展中国家的儿童。正常情况下,呼吸道的屏障结构、吞噬细胞、补体及其特异性体液免疫能有效地抵御病原菌。但在屏障受损、各种缺陷(补体、吞噬细胞、免疫球蛋白缺陷)、呼吸道病毒感染、营养不良时常可促成肺炎。需综合考虑诸因素,以确立防止肺炎的策略。 Bacterial pneumonia remains a major threat to human health, especially in developing countries. Under normal circumstances, the respiratory barrier structure, phagocytic cells, complement and its specific humoral immunity can effectively resist pathogens. However, in the barrier damage, a variety of defects (complement, phagocytic cells, immunoglobulin defects), respiratory virus infection, malnutrition can often lead to pneumonia. Consideration should be given to various factors to establish a strategy to prevent pneumonia.