十八届四中全会通过了《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》。此《规定》要求推进严格司法,实行办案质量终身负责制和错案责任倒查问责制。由于近些年来冤假错案频发,使得此次严格司法的提出备受各界关注。本文则根据此次《规定》的要求,探讨严格司法的理论依据、意义及其在司法实践中可能遇到的问题和解决途径。 The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee adopted the “Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues in Ruling the Country by Law.” The “Provisions” require the promotion of strict justice, the implementation of the quality of life-long case-handling system and wrong accountability investigation system. Due to the frequent occurrence of unjust and false malpractices in recent years, much attention has been drawn to this strict judicial system. Based on the requirements of the “Regulations,” this article explores the theoretical basis and significance of the strict judicial system as well as the possible problems and solutions it may encounter in judicial practice.