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文物返还涉及原属国、保留国与市场国三方主体。经历过两次世界大战之后,世界整体趋于和平稳定的发展环境,这种环境为文物返还提供了有利的客观条件,各国可以就文物返还问题进行协商。然而经过数十年的协商与博弈,文物返还这一问题在现实中已经进入了瓶颈期。以文物为起点探究文物返还背后的实质,进而明确文物返还的法理基础在于文化主权和文化遗产权。分别对文化主权、文化遗产权加以详细阐述以体现其在文物返还中的重要地位,以使主张文物返还的依据更具有说服力。
The return of cultural relics involves the tripartite subjects of the original country, the reserving country and the market country. After two world wars, the world as a whole has come to a peaceful and stable environment for development, which has provided advantageous objective conditions for the return of cultural relics. All countries can hold consultations on the return of cultural relics. However, after decades of negotiations and games, the issue of the return of cultural relics has already entered a bottleneck in reality. The cultural heritage as a starting point to explore the essence behind the return of cultural relics, thereby clarifying the legal basis for the return of cultural relics lies in the cultural sovereignty and cultural heritage rights. Separately elaborate on cultural sovereignty and cultural heritage rights to reflect their important position in the return of cultural relics, so that the basis for advocating the return of cultural relics is more persuasive.