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选用‘华栗3号’为材料,采用异交、自交、不授粉及自然授粉4种授粉方式探究锥栗(Castanea henryi)果实的生长发育特性.结果表明:锥栗果实生长发育期约135 d,异交、自然授粉的总苞和子房及自交、不授粉的总苞的鲜重均呈“慢—快—慢—快”的增长趋势,自交、不授粉的子房鲜重呈“慢—快—慢”的增长趋势,总苞和子房纵横径呈“慢—快—慢”增长趋势,果实成熟时总苞和子房大小均表现为异交>自然授粉>自交>不授粉;不同授粉处理对锥栗座苞及落果的影响不同,异交、自然授粉经历了2次落果高峰期,自交、不授粉则经历了3次落果高峰期,落果最高峰均出现在花后90~105 d;不同授粉处理显著影响锥栗的结实率和空苞率,4种授粉处理的坐苞率、结实率大小均表现为异交>自然授粉>自交>不授粉,空苞率大小表现为不授粉>自交>自然授粉>异交.
The fruit of Castanea henryi was used to investigate the growth and development of Castanea henryi by means of cross pollination, selfing, non-pollination and natural pollination.The results showed that the growth and development of Castanea henryi fruit were about 135 d, the heterosis, natural pollination of involucre and ovary and self-pollination, non-pollination of the fresh weight of the total bud were “slow - fast - slow - fast” trend of growth, selfing, not pollination of the ovary The growth tendency of total involucre and ovary showed “slow-fast-slow” growth trend, the involucre of involucre and ovary appeared in fruit mature, and the pollination of natural pollination > Selfing> non-pollination. The effects of different pollination treatments on the seatbugs and fruit drop of Castanea henryi were different. Outcrossing and natural pollination experienced two fruit dropper peak, The peak appeared in 90 ~ 105 days after anthesis. Different pollination treatments significantly affected the seed setting rate and empty panicle percentage of C. fortunei. The rates of four buds and the rate of seed setting showed that they were outcrossing> pollination> selfing> No pollination, empty petioles rate showed no pollination> selfing> natural pollination> outcrossing.