数学学习离不开推理,在形式逻辑中有各种各样的推理方法.合情推理是一种可能性推理,它包含特殊化、类比猜想、归纳等几种推理形式,在解决数学问题的过程中发挥着重要作用,是中学数学学习不可缺少的重要组成部分.由某类事物的部分对象共同具有的某些特征,推出该类事物的全部对象都具有这些特征的推理;或者是由个别事实概括出一般结论的推理,称为归纳推理.类比是由两类对象具有某些类似特征,和其中一类对象的某 Mathematics learning can not be separated from reasoning. There are a variety of reasoning methods in formal logic. Reasonable reasoning is a possibility reasoning. It contains several inference forms such as specialization, analogy, inference, and induction, etc., in solving mathematical problems. The process plays an important role and is an indispensable part of the learning of middle school mathematics. Some features of some objects of a certain class of things in common, the introduction of all objects of the class of things have inferences of these characteristics; or by individual The reasoning that generalizes general conclusions is called inductive reasoning. The analogy is that two kinds of objects have certain similar characteristics, and one of them