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VacA是幽门螺杆菌分泌的一种蛋白毒素,它是幽门螺杆菌的一个重要毒力因子。可作为单一致病因子使胃上皮细胞发生多种明显的细胞病变效应。如VacA进入细胞后可启动细胞内发生广泛的rab7依赖的融合及晚期包裹小泡腔隙的渗透性肿胀,最终导致细胞空泡化;VacA能引起线粒体去极化,从而引起胃上皮细胞凋亡;VacA亦可影响或干扰细胞骨架各成分,引起肌动蛋白重排,致使微管结构发生紊乱。但VacA引起细胞病变和结构异常的确切机制尚未完全阐明。
VacA is a protein toxin secreted by Helicobacter pylori, which is an important virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori. As a single virulence factor gastric epithelial cells can occur a variety of obvious cytopathic effect. VacA, upon entry into the cell, initiates extensive rab7-dependent fusion within the cell and osmotic swelling of late-lamellar vesicular cavities, eventually leading to cellular vacuolization; VacA can cause mitochondrial depolarization and thus apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells ; VacA can also affect or interfere with the cytoskeletal components, causing actin rearrangement, resulting in disorganized microtubules. However, the exact mechanism by which VacA causes cytopathic and structural abnormalities has not been fully elucidated.