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竹叶锈病是竹类主要病害之一,影响竹林生长。为了利用重寄生菌对竹叶锈病进行生物防治,研究了竹叶锈病菌重寄生现象及重寄生菌的形态与分类地位。结果表明,该重寄生现象伴随竹叶锈病的发生而从4月下旬至5月初开始出现;重寄生菌的自然重寄生率于5月至8月初呈快速增长趋势,8月中旬达到高峰期,随后其重寄生率呈缓慢下降趋势;重寄生菌寄生在竹叶锈病夏孢子堆上呈白色的点状霉状物,阻碍了竹叶锈病夏孢子的发育和释放。通过对其分生孢子梗、分生孢子及菌丝等形态特征观察,该重寄生菌被鉴定为赭红枝顶孢Acremonium salmoneum。关于A.salmoneum的序列在GenBank之前未见报道,基于ITS的系统发育分析该重寄生菌A.salmoneum与枝顶孢属Acremonium内其他种的亲缘关系表明,该重寄生菌与A.potronii的亲缘进化关系较近,且与A.potronii的形态特征也较相似,均可形成假头状粘孢子球。
Bamboo leaf rust is one of the major diseases of bamboo, affecting bamboo growth. In order to utilize the parasitic bacteria to control the biological control of the leaf rust, the phenomenon of heavy parasite of the leaf rust and the morphology and taxonomic status of the heavy parasite were studied. The results showed that the phenomenon of heavy parasite began to occur from late April to early May along with the occurrence of leaf rust. The natural heavy parasite rate of the parasitism showed a rapid growth trend from May to the beginning of August, reached its peak in mid August, Subsequently, the rate of heavy parasitism showed a slow downward trend. The parasitism of parasitism parasitic on the summer sporophyte of bamboo leaf rust appeared as a white dot-like mildew, hindering the development and release of the summer sporophyte of the leaf rust. Through the morphological observation of its conidiophores, conidia and mycelium, the strain was identified as Acremonium salmoneum. No phylogenetic analysis of A. salmoneum prior to GenBank showed that the phylogenetic relationship of A. salmoneum with other species in Acremonium showed that the phylogenetic relationship between A. pararonii and A.potronii The evolutionary relationship is relatively close, and with the morphological characteristics of A.potronii are more similar, can form false head myxospores.