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过去,人们多以田间持水量的60—80%作为果树作物的最适土壤含水量范围,并以此为标准计算灌水量、确定灌水日期。近年来人们改用植株的蒸腾失水量作为指标,滴灌的设计实施也以此进行,但对具体条件(如生态条件、年令时期、物候期等)下某种果树或某个品种的耗水量尚很少报道。本试验测定了不同物候期内滴灌处理苹果植株的单株日失水量,蒸腾失水在植株与土壤蒸腾蒸发总失水中所占的比例以及覆草的效果,供实际生产参考。
In the past, people used more than 60-80% of the field water volume as the optimum soil moisture content of fruit trees and used it as a standard to calculate the amount of irrigation and determine the date of irrigation. In recent years, people use the transpiration loss of the plant as an indicator, and design and implementation of drip irrigation is also carried out. However, the water consumption of a certain fruit tree or a certain species under specific conditions (such as ecological conditions, time of year, phenology, etc.) Still rarely reported. In this experiment, the daily water loss per plant, the proportion of transpiration dehydration in the total water loss of transpiration and evaporation of plant and soil, and the effect of mulching grass were measured in different phenophase for practical production reference.