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森林生物量碳储量的空间分布及其变化信息,对揭示地表空间变化规律及驱动因子、分析评价森林生产力及生态功能具有重要意义。该文以20世纪70年代、80年代、90年代和21世纪初4个时期的遥感数据和同期的森林资源清查样地数据为基础,应用遥感信息模型,估算了黑龙江长白山地区的森林生物量,分析了该地区森林生物量的时空动态变化,以及森林生物量随高程、坡度和坡向的变化规律。结果表明:该地区4个时期的森林平均生物量分别为81.56、44.27、48.27和54.82t·hm-2。4个时期总的森林生物量分别为5.37×108、2.83×108、3.06×108和3.46×108t。20世纪70年代到21世纪初森林平均生物量和总的森林生物量都呈现出先降低后增加的趋势,呈先下降趋势的主要原因是20世纪70-80年代以森林采伐为主,后增加趋势的主要原因是实施天然林保护工程起到了很大的作用。该地区4个时期森林生物量随高程、坡度和坡向都表现出一致性的变化规律,森林生物量随高程和坡度变化都呈先增加后减少的趋势,导致这一现象的主要原因是,高程、坡度和坡向变化引起了局地气候条件的变化,从而直接影响森林生长环境,造成森林分布的变化。森林生物量在200-400m高程所占的比例最大,约为35%,在坡度5°-15°所占的比例接近50%。森林生物量在南坡和西南坡所占的比例最小,为7%;平坡所占的比例最大,为28%;南坡次之,为19%。
Spatial distribution of forest biomass carbon storage and its changing information are of great significance for revealing the rules and driving forces of surface space change and analyzing and evaluating forest productivity and ecological functions. Based on the remote sensing data of the four periods in the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s and the data of the forest inventory sampling sites in the same period, the paper estimates the forest biomass of Changbai Mountain area in Heilongjiang Province by using the remote sensing information model, The spatial and temporal dynamics of forest biomass in the area were analyzed, and the variation of forest biomass with elevation, slope and aspect was analyzed. The results showed that the average forest biomass of the four periods in the region were respectively 81.56, 44.27, 48.27 and 54.82 t · hm-2.4. The total forest biomass was 5.37 × 108, 2.83 × 108 and 3.06 × 108 and 3.46 × 108t. From the 1970s to the beginning of the 21st century, both the average forest biomass and the total forest biomass tended to decrease firstly and then increase. The main reason for the first downward trend was mainly the forest harvesting in the 1970s and 1980s, and then increased The main reason is the implementation of natural forest protection project has played a significant role. The biomass of forest biomass in the four periods of the region showed consistent changes along with the elevation, slope and aspect. The forest biomass increased first and then decreased with elevation and slope. The main reason leading to this phenomenon is that, Changes in elevation, slope and aspect lead to changes in local climatic conditions, which directly affect the forest growth environment, resulting in changes in forest distribution. Forest biomass accounts for the largest proportion of elevation of 200-400m, about 35%, and the proportion of the slope of 5 ° -15 ° is close to 50%. The proportion of forest biomass in the south slope and the southwest slope is the smallest, which is 7%. The largest proportion of the slope slope is 28%, followed by the south slope of 19%.