目的调查某军校一起腺病毒疫情暴发情况。方法采用现场流行病学调查、临床检查和实验室检测等方法确定疫情性质和病原学。结果在 8d内发生 12 6例以发热、呼吸道症状为主的病人。血清腺病毒特异性IgM测定 6 8例病人阳性率为 76 .5 % ,10 0名无症状者阳性率为37.0 % ,两者间差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 1) ;7名病人咽拭子脱落上皮细胞免疫荧光试验检测腺病毒抗原 ,有 3例阳性 ;以 1例病人咽拭子标本腺病毒PCR产物测序 ,发现此株病毒是腺病毒 5型。病人经对症处理后痊愈 ,疫情得到迅速控制。结论基本可以判断这是一起由腺病毒 5型感染引起的暴发 ,传播途径可能是气溶胶导致的呼吸道传播 Objective To investigate the outbreak of adenovirus in a military academy. Methods Epidemiological investigation, clinical examination and laboratory tests were used to determine the nature of the outbreak and the etiology. Results In 12 days, 126 cases occurred with fever and respiratory symptoms. The positive rate of serum adenovirus-specific IgM in 68 patients was 76.5%, the positive rate of 10 0 asymptomatic patients was 37.0%, the difference was significant (P <0.01) Swab shedding epithelial cells by immunofluorescence test adenovirus antigen, 3 cases were positive; 1 case of throat swab specimens adenovirus PCR product sequencing and found that this strain of the virus is adenovirus type 5. The patient recovered after symptomatic treatment and the outbreak was promptly controlled. Conclusions Basically it can be judged that this is an outbreak caused by an adenovirus type 5 infection, which may be caused by aerosol-induced respiratory spread