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一、苹果1、施肥存在的问题集约化果园氮磷化肥用量普遍偏高,春夏季果实膨大期施用氮肥数量和比例过大,肥料增产效率下降。非集约化果园一般有机肥料投入数量不足,果园土壤贫瘠,保水保肥能力差。环渤海地区果园的土壤酸化问题突出,中微量元素钙、镁和硼缺乏时有发生。大多数苹果园钙、硼素缺乏问题普遍,石灰性土壤果园铁、锌缺乏时有发生。2013年渤海湾产区夏秋季降雨较多,根系损伤严重,抗性减弱。2、施肥管理原则(1)增施有机肥,提倡有机无机配合施用;依据土壤肥力条件和产量水平,适当调减氮磷化肥
First, the apple 1, fertilization problems Intensive orchard nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer generally high, the spring and summer fruit enlargement of the number and proportion of excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer, fertilizer production efficiency decreased. Non-intensive Orchards generally less than the amount of organic fertilizer inputs, poor orchard soil, poor water retention ability. Soil acidification problems in the orchards of the Bohai Rim region are prominent, and the lack of trace elements calcium, magnesium and boron occur frequently. Most apple orchard calcium, boron deficiency is widespread, calcareous soil orchard iron, zinc deficiency often occur. In the summer of 2013, there was more rainfall in the Bohai Bay producing area, serious damage to the root system and weaker resistance. 2, fertilization management principles (1) increase the application of organic fertilizer, organic and inorganic to promote the application; based on soil fertility conditions and yield levels, appropriate to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers