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本文着重分析钾、钠、氟在高炉内的行为。主要的依据资料是炉内的气体、固体取样和渣铁成分分析。文中指出钾、钠、氟在炉内的循环富集主要区域是炉腹炉腰及炉身中下部,并具体叙述了在纵向和横向的分布趋势及影响因素。提高炉渣的排碱能力是防止和削弱碱金属危害的主要措施。提高烧结矿中的MgO含量,降低炉渣碱度,降低生铁含硅量,适当增加渣量等都有利于加强炉渣的排碱能力。从各种取样中查明,从炉渣排走的钾比钠少,而炉料中钾的富集比钠多,说明必须以钾为主要控制对象。从气相中钾、钠、氟含量的测定可以初步看到分布规律,并初步明确了气相中钾含量与炉料、炉况及渣碱度的关系。
This article focuses on the analysis of potassium, sodium, fluorine in the blast furnace behavior. The main basis for the information is the furnace gas, solid samples and slag iron composition analysis. The paper points out that the main areas of potassium, sodium and fluorine in the furnace are enrichment in the hearth and the middle and lower part of the furnace body, and the vertical and horizontal distribution trends and influencing factors are described in detail. Increasing the alkali discharge capacity of the slag is the main measure to prevent and reduce the hazards of alkali metals. Increasing the content of MgO in sinter, reducing the basicity of slag, reducing the silicon content of pig iron, and properly increasing the amount of slag are all conducive to strengthening the alkali discharge capacity of slag. From a variety of samples identified, discharged from the slag less potassium than sodium, and the charge of potassium enrichment than sodium, indicating that the main control object must be potassium. From the determination of potassium, sodium and fluorine in the gas phase, the distribution can be preliminarily revealed, and the relationship between the potassium content in the gas phase, the charge, the furnace condition and the slag basicity has been initially clarified.