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现代研究发现脂肪组织的功能不仅仅只是储存以及释放脂类,还作为人体的内分泌腺,在维持机体代谢平衡方面具有重要的作用。而肥胖状态时脂肪组织的分泌功能紊乱,炎症因子与脂肪因子分泌失衡,打破了机体的代谢平衡。更糟糕的是,脂肪组织形成慢性低度炎症以及缺氧微环境,引起胶原的异常沉积,脂肪组织纤维化,从而破坏脂肪组织正常功能,可能进一步导致糖尿病以及肿瘤的产生。因此,本文主要概述肥胖引起的慢性炎症和缺氧微环境通过分泌炎症因子、上调缺氧诱导因子的表达,进而改变脂肪细胞外基质的组成,最终促进脂肪纤维化的发生的机制。
Modern studies have found that the function of adipose tissue is not only to store and release lipids, but also as the endocrine gland of the human body, which plays an important role in maintaining body metabolism balance. The fat state of adipose tissue dysfunction, inflammatory factors and adipokine imbalance, breaking the body’s metabolic balance. Even worse, the formation of chronic low-grade inflammation and hypoxia microenvironment, causing abnormal collagen deposition, adipose tissue fibrosis, thus undermining the normal function of adipose tissue may further lead to diabetes and tumor generation. Therefore, this article mainly summarizes the mechanism of obesity-induced chronic inflammation and hypoxia microenvironment by secreting inflammatory factors, up-regulating the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor, and then changing the composition of extracellular matrix of fat cells, finally promoting the formation of fat fibrosis.