对待农村宗族,地方干部往往呈现复杂甚至矛盾态度。当面对的是一般性的宗族,他们往往将它看成比较负面的问题;而在与宗族发生现实的工作交往中,往往在负面化宗族的同时,却在工作中借助并利用它。如果面对的是“生我养我”的宗族,他们则往往会以多种方式参与、支持乃至组织它的活动。这就是地方干部对待宗族的体制性立场、现实性立场与亲情性立场。这种多元的矛盾立场,既显示了国家与社会关系理论在解释中国乡村问题上的无力,更反映了国家意识形态建设与社会现实和人性取向的偏差与背离。 Treat rural clans, local cadres often show a complex or even contradictory attitude. When faced with the general lineage, they tend to think of it as a more negative issue; and in a real working engagement with a clan, they tend to use it and utilize it in their work while negating the lineage. If you are faced with a lineage that “feeds me”, they often engage, support and even organize their activities in many ways. This is the institutional stance, realistic position and affectionate position of the local cadres in treating the clan. This pluralist and contradictory stance not only shows the weakness of the theory of state-society relations in explaining China’s rural areas, but also reflects the deviation and deviation of the construction of state ideology from the social reality and human nature.