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目的：了解镇江市小学生焦虑状况及其影响因素。方法对749名小学生采用自制一般情况调查表及儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表进行测评分析。结果小学生焦虑症状检出率为18．4％，男生检出率显著低于女生（ P＜0．01）。小学生儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表总分与母亲文化程度、儿童性别、家长是否关心儿童心理健康、是否关心儿童身体健康、家长是否关心儿童学习、有无打骂行为、居住地等有显著相关性（P＜0．01）；性别、家长关心儿童心理健康、家长关心儿童身体健康、有无打骂行为等对小学生儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表总分有显著影响。结论小学生焦虑较为常见，母亲文化程度低及家长对儿童的身体健康或心理健康不关心等是小学生焦虑症状的危险因素。“,”Objective To investigate the development status of anxious symptoms and influencing factors in pupils .Methods Assessments were conducted with the Self‐made General State Questionnaire and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorder (SCARED) in 749 pupils .Results The detection rate of anxious symptoms was 18 .16% ,that was significantly lower in schoolboys than schoolgirls (P<0 .01) .Pupil’s total score of the SCARED was notably related to mother’s educational levels ,child’s gen‐der ,whether parents showed concern for child’s mental health ,whether parents showed concern for child’ s physical health ,whether parents showed concern for child’s learning ,whether parents had abuse behav‐iors ,place of residence etc .(P< 0 .01);gender ,whether parents showed concern for child’s mental health ,whether parents showed concern for child’s physical health and whether parents had abuse behav‐iors had significant influences on total score of the SCARED .Conclusion Pupils’ anxiety is relatively common ,risk factors of pupils’ anxious symptoms are mother’s lower educational level ,parents’ indiffer‐ence to child’s physical or mental health .