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目的:了解肿瘤患者药物使用中的药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点及规律。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,将2009-2011年间收集的我院287例住院肿瘤患者用药的ADR报告,按性别、年龄、给药途径、药品品种、ADR累及器官或系统及临床表现、ADR程度等进行统计、分析。结果:ADR发生率在50岁以上中老年患者中较高(占47.39%);抗肿瘤药发生率最高(占32.06%),其次为维生素及营养药(15.68%)及抗感染类药(11.85%);92例抗肿瘤药致ADR中,以铂类和植物来源类药物引起的ADR最多,占53.26%;ADR主要临床表现为全身症状及皮肤及其附件损害,共115例,占40.07%。结论:肿瘤专科医院应重视并做好ADR的监测、分析、评价工作,特别是抗肿瘤药、营养药及抗感染3类药物的ADR监测,以保证肿瘤患者药物治疗安全有效。
Objective: To understand the characteristics and regularity of drug adverse reactions (ADR) in the use of drugs for cancer patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to compare the ADRs of 287 hospitalized patients with cancer collected in our hospital from 2009 to 2011 by sex, age, route of administration, variety of drugs, organ or systemic and clinical manifestations of ADR, ADR level Such as statistics, analysis. Results: The incidence of ADR was higher in middle-aged and elderly patients over 50 years old (47.39%). The incidence of anti-tumor drugs was the highest (32.06%), followed by vitamins and nutrients (15.68%) and anti-infectives %). Of the 92 ADR-induced anti-tumor drugs, ADR caused by platinum and plant-derived drugs accounted for 53.26% of the total. The main clinical manifestations of ADR were systemic symptoms and damage to the skin and its appendages, a total of 115 cases (40.07% . Conclusion: Cancer hospital should pay attention to and do ADR monitoring, analysis and evaluation work, especially anti-tumor drugs, nutrition drugs and anti-infective ADR monitoring of three drugs in order to ensure the drug treatment of cancer patients safe and effective.