黑龙江省是我国农业机械化重点地区之一。新中国建立起来,拖拉机配备量逐年增加,至1985年已达到饱和量。由于劳动力有余,资金和油料不足,技术水平不高等因素制约,机械未能发挥应有的作用。田间作业机械综合利用程度只达到51.2％;运输作业占农业总用工量的50％以上,机械完成的运输额不到运输总额的20％。大量作业需要用畜力完成,役马的数量占全国各省的首位。当前农业生产的动力结构,必须采取机马牛结合。机械动力和畜力各具优点,采取机马牛合理结合,可以降低生产成本,节省石油,保持合理的生态结构,不仅对当前,从长远考虑也具有深远意义。 Heilongjiang Province is one of the key areas for agricultural mechanization in China. After the founding of New China, the amount of tractor equipment has been increasing year by year, reaching the saturation level by 1985. Due to excess labor, lack of capital and fuel, the technical level is not high constraints, the machinery failed to play its due role. Comprehensive utilization of field operations machinery only reached 51.2%; transport operations accounted for more than 50% of the total agricultural work, machinery transport less than 20% of total transport. A large number of operations need to be done with animal power, the number of serving horses in the first place in all provinces. The current dynamic structure of agricultural production, we must take the horse horse combine. Mechanical power and animal power have their own merits. The reasonable combination of horseback and cattle can reduce the production cost, save oil and maintain a reasonable ecological structure, which is not only far-reaching and far-reaching in the long run.