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宾语和补语是句法结构中两种不同的句法成分,但有时容易混淆,这是因为这两种成分有时有相同之处;一是都能出现在动词后面,二是动词、形容词、数量词组都既能作宾语,也能作补语。如:①{看了两页(A) 看了两遍(B) ②{怕走(A) 赶走(B)③{爱干净(A) 扫干净(B)以上各组中两个结构看起来相似,其实不同,A均为动宾结构,B 均为动补结构。要区分这两种成分,主要可以从以下几方面考虑。一、动词后面的成分如果是名词,那么一定是宾语,因为一般名词只能充当宾语,不能充当补语,如“买书”、“洗衣服”、“爱人民”。但如果动词后面的名词是时间名词,那么就有两种可能。主要看动词和时间名词的关系,表示动作持续时间的名词为补语,如“写了三天”;表示动作涉及对象的时间名词是宾语,如“过了三天”。作宾语的时间名词一般可移到动词前作主语,而作补语的时间名词则不能,如:④写了三天→三天写了(×)⑤过了三天→三天过了二、如果动词后面的成分是形容词或动词,有两
Object and complement are two different syntactic components of the syntactic structure, but are sometimes confused because the two components sometimes have similarities; one can appear behind the verb, and the other is the verb, the adjective, the quantifier Both as an object, but also as a complement. Such as: ① {read two pages (A) read twice (B) ② {afraid to go (A) drive away (B) ③ {love clean (A) sweep clean A similar, in fact, different, A are moving fabric structure, B are dynamic complement structure. To distinguish between the two components, mainly from the following aspects to consider. First, the verb behind the composition if it is a noun, then it must be the object, because the general noun can only act as an object, not as a complement, such as “buy a book ”, “washing clothes ” “love people ”. But if the noun after the verb is a time noun, then there are two possibilities. Mainly to see the relationship between verbs and time nouns, said the duration of the noun action for the complement, such as “written for three days ”; time refers to the object of action time noun is the object, such as “after three days.” Time nouns as objects can generally be moved to the subject before the verb, and the time nouns can not complement, such as: ④ wrote for three days → three days wrote (×) ⑤ After three days → three days after two, if The composition behind the verb is an adjective or verb, with two