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目的：探讨ＮＫ细胞杀伤与靶细胞表面ＭＨＣＩ类分子的关系。方法：用ＨＬＡＡＢＣ单抗培养上清或腹水封闭靶细胞Ｋ５６２表面的ＨＬＡＡＢＣ分子后，分别观察了外周血新鲜ＮＫ细胞、纯化ＮＫ细胞、ＬＡＫ细胞和ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞对Ｋ５６２细胞杀伤能力的变化。结果：外周血新鲜ＮＫ细胞和纯化ＮＫ细胞对Ｋ５６２的杀伤率明显提高，ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞的杀伤力明显降低，ＬＡＫ细胞的杀伤无明显变化。结论：ＮＫ细胞通过其表面受体识别靶细胞上的ＭＨＣＩ类分子而传递杀伤抑制性信号，抗ＨＬＡＡＢＣ单抗封闭了靶细胞上的ＨＬＡＡＢＣ等位基因而阻止了阴性信号的传导。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between NK cell killing and MHC class I molecules on the surface of target cells. METHODS: HLA-ABC monoclonal antibody was used to culture supernatant or ascites fluid to block HLA-ABC molecules on the surface of target cell K562 cells. The changes of cytotoxicity against K562 cells in fresh NK cells, purified NK cells, LAK cells and CD3AK cells were observed . Results: The killing rate of K562 in fresh NK cells and purified NK cells in peripheral blood was significantly increased, the cytotoxicity of CD3AK cells was significantly reduced, and the killing of LAK cells was unchanged. CONCLUSION: NK cells transmit MHC class I molecules through MHC class I receptors on their surface receptors and transmit anti-CDK signals. Anti-HLA-ABC monoclonal antibody blocks HLA-ABC alleles on target cells and blocks the transmission of negative signals.