华法林是当前全球应用最为广泛的口服抗凝药,可治疗或者预防血栓性疾病,常用于心脏瓣膜病换瓣术后、心房颤动、下肢静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞的患者。华法林的作用机理是对抗维生素K来发挥抗凝作用。饮食结构会影响华法林的效果,富含维生素K的蔬菜,如菠菜、芦笋、绿花椰菜和莴苣等都可能增强华法林的抗凝作用。尽管近年新型口服抗凝药物如利伐沙班、阿哌沙班的出现对其产生了一定的挑战和冲击,但由于华法 Warfarin is currently the world’s most widely used oral anticoagulant, can treat or prevent thrombotic diseases, commonly used in patients with valvular heart valve disease, atrial fibrillation, venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Warfarin’s mechanism of action is to fight against vitamin K to exert anticoagulant effects. Dietary influences the effect of warfarin, and foods rich in vitamin K, such as spinach, asparagus, broccoli and lettuce, may enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Although the emergence of new oral anticoagulants such as rivaroxaban and apixaban has produced some challenges and impacts on them in recent years,