本文利用轴对称刚体在自身力矩作用下,绕定点运动的一阶正规型运动微分方程代替欧拉方程,讨论航天器的起旋和消旋运动。给出两个卡尔丹角为小量时运动方程的解析积分,由此直接导出航天器相对质心的动量矩矢量及自旋轴在起旋和消旋运动中的变化规律。并以伽里略航天器作为具体对象进行了数值计算。 In this paper, the first-order normal differential equation of motion of a fixed point is replaced by the Euler equation by using the axisymmetric rigid body under its own moment, and the starting and deciding motion of the spacecraft are discussed. The analytic integrals of the Cartesian angles for a small number of motion equations are given, and the momentum vector of the relative centroid of the spacecraft and the variation regularity of the spin axis in the spin-up and spin-off motions are directly derived. The numerical calculation is carried out with the Galileo spacecraft as a specific object.