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摩擦斜楔是货车转向架上最为重要的零件之一。列车安全运行的时间长度就取决于这些零件的质量。然而,它们的运行性能不能保证其2次修理期间规定的走行路程。这是因为所采用的材料,即20ΓЛ铸钢和СЧ35灰铸铁的耐磨性能太差。与铸钢制斜楔相比,铸铁摩擦斜楔有着明显的优点。用钼和镍对СЧ35灰铸铁进行合金化,并用锆、钡、钙和铝进行孕育,可提高它们的技术和运行性能。对所取得的用于制造摩擦斜楔的合金的研究表明,其机械性能可以保证必要的耐磨性和很高的强度,并且,其材料的组织可以改善减振器摩擦副的摩擦因数。
Friction wedges are one of the most important parts on truck bogies. The length of time a train runs safely depends on the quality of these parts. However, their operational performance does not guarantee the required travel during their second repair. This is due to the poor wear resistance of the 20 ΓЛ and СЧ 35 gray castings used. Compared with cast steel wedges, cast iron friction wedges have obvious advantages. Alloying СЧ35 gray cast iron with molybdenum and nickel and inoculating with zirconium, barium, calcium and aluminum improves their technical and operational performance. Research on the alloy obtained for the manufacture of friction wedges has shown that its mechanical properties ensure the necessary wear resistance and high strength and that the texture of the material improves the friction coefficient of the damper friction pair.